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Bluetooth Technical Operations

Bluetooth is a high speed, low powered wireless linktechnology that's designed to connect phones or otherportable equipment together with little to no workrequired by the user. Unlike infrared, Bluetoothdoesn't require line of site positioning to work.

Current prototype circuits are contained on a boardthat is 0.9 cm square, with a much smaller circuitboard being developed.

When one Bluetooth device comes in contact withanother, they will automatically exchange addressesand details of capability. Then, they can establisha 1 MB link with security that they will use asrequired. The protocols involved with handle bothdata and voice, with a very flexible topography.

The technology achieves its goal by embedding tiny,non expensive short range tranceivers into the devices available today. The radio operates on the2.45 GHz frequency band, and supports up to 721KBps, along with three voice channels.

Each devices offers a unique 48 bit address fromthe IEEE 802 standard, with the connections beingpoint to point or multipoint. The max range is 10 meters, although it can be extended to 100 meters by increasing the power. The devices arealso protected from radio interference by changingtheir frequencies, also known as frequency hopping.

What's important, is the fact that Bluetooth devices won't drain battery life. The specificationtargets power consumption of the device, limitingthe drain on the battery. The radio chip willconsume only 0.3mA in stand by mode, which is lessthan 5% of the power that standard phones use.

Bluetooth will also guarantee security at the bitlevel. The authentification is controlled by theuser via a 128 bit key. The radio signals canbe coded with anything up to 128 bit. With thefrequency hopping, Bluetooth is already very hard to listen into.

The baseband protocol is a combination of bothcircuit and packet switches. Slots can be reservedfor synchronous packets as well. Each packet will be transmitted in a different hop frequency.Normally, a packet covers a single slot althoughit can be extended to cover up to five slots.

Bluetooth can also support data channels of up tothree simultaneous voice channels. Therefore,it's possible to transfer the data while you talkat the same time. Each individual voice channelwill support 64 KB.

From a technical standpoint, Bluetooth is verydifferent indeed. It's the best wireless methodin the world, surpassing even infrared. For communication on the go, Bluetooth is indeedvery hard to compete with.

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